Clomiphene Citrate

Clomiphene citrate is a nonsteroid, weak estrogenic and powerful antiestrogenic agent, and is structurally linked to tamoxifen and stilbestrol. In 1967, the FDA approved clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction. The principal mechanism of clomid is largely unknown, but it is probably effective through its affinity to estrogen and its ability to estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus.

Clomiphene Citrate (Clomid) is ordinarily used by bodybuilders that use anabolic steroid to bind the estrogen receptors in their bodies, thereby blocking the effects of estrogen, such as gynecomastia. Clomid restores the production of natural testosterone by the body. It is usually used as a recovery drug and taken toward the end of a steroid cycle. Some athletes report that taking Clomifene increases the amount of fluid produced during ejaculation, which make it a fertility drug option for men as well.

Clomiphene citrate is the traditional first-line treatment for chronic anovulation that characterizes polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Clomid is accumulated in the body with a low clearance rate and long half-life (5 days). Significant plasma concentrations of the active zu isomer of clomid can be detected up to 6 weeks after administration. However, 20-25% of PCOS women fail to ovulate with incremental doses of clomiphene citrate.

Clomiphene citrate is the best initial treatment for the large majority of anovulatory infertile women including the World Health Organization (WHO) Type 2 patients or the PCOS group. The first clinical trial of Clomiphene citrate therapy demonstrated successful ovulation induction in 80% of women, half of whom achieved pregnancy following treatment.

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